(September 26) Manmohan Singh Biography (Former Prime Minister of India)@2022

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Manmohan Singh Biography
(Former Prime Minister of India)

(September 26) Manmohan Singh Biography  (Former Prime Minister of India)@2022

మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ యొక్క జీవిత చరిత్ర

పుట్టిన తేదీ: 26 సెప్టెంబర్ 1932

పుట్టిన ప్రదేశం: గాహ్, పంజాబ్ (ప్రస్తుతం పాకిస్థాన్‌లో ఉంది)

ఉద్యోగం/పదవి: రాజకీయ నాయకుడు మరియు భారత మాజీ ప్రధాన మంత్రి

మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ భారతదేశానికి 14వ ప్రధానమంత్రి. అతను గొప్ప ఆలోచనాపరుడు, పండితుడు మరియు తెలివైన ఆర్థికవేత్త. రాజకీయాల్లో పూర్తిగా క్రియాశీలకంగా మారడానికి ముందు, అతను అనేక ప్రతిష్టాత్మక ప్రభుత్వ సంస్థల్లో పనిచేశాడు మరియు అతని అద్భుతమైన పనికి అనేక గౌరవాలు అందుకున్నాడు. తరువాతి సంవత్సరాలలో, అతను బ్యూరోక్రాట్ నుండి రాజకీయ నాయకుడిగా మారాడు. ఆయన హయాంలో భారత ఆర్థిక ద్రవ్యోల్బణంలో సమూలమైన మార్పు వచ్చింది. అతని ప్రత్యేక సహకారం కోసం, అతను భారతదేశ ఆర్థిక పునరుద్ధరణ యొక్క ప్రాథమిక వాస్తుశిల్పి అని పిలుస్తారు. ఈ సమర్థ నాయకుడు తన వినయం, నీతి మరియు నైతికత కోసం చాలా ప్రశంసలు పొందారు. భారతీయులు మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ సామర్థ్యాన్ని, నాయకత్వ పటిమను అంగీకరించి ఆయనను వరుసగా రెండోసారి ప్రధానిగా ఎన్నుకున్నారు.

జీవితం తొలి దశ

మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ 26 సెప్టెంబర్ 1932న యునైటెడ్ ఇండియా (ప్రస్తుత పాకిస్తాన్)లోని పంజాబ్ ప్రావిన్స్‌లోని గాహ్‌లో ఒక సిక్కు కుటుంబంలో జన్మించారు. అతని తల్లి పేరు అమృత్ కౌర్ మరియు తండ్రి పేరు గురుముఖ్ సింగ్. అతని తల్లి చిన్నతనంలోనే చనిపోవడంతో అమ్మమ్మ అతన్ని పెంచింది. చిన్నప్పటి నుంచి చదువుపై ఆసక్తి కనబరుస్తూ క్లాస్‌లో టాపర్‌గా ఉండేవాడు. దేశ విభజన తరువాత, అతని కుటుంబం అమృత్‌సర్‌కు వెళ్లింది. ఇక్కడ హిందూ కాలేజీలో అడ్మిషన్ తీసుకున్నాడు. మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ చండీగఢ్‌లోని పంజాబ్ విశ్వవిద్యాలయం నుండి ఎకనామిక్స్‌లో గ్రాడ్యుయేషన్ చేశారు. తరువాత అతను కేంబ్రిడ్జ్ విశ్వవిద్యాలయం మరియు ఆక్స్‌ఫర్డ్ విశ్వవిద్యాలయానికి వెళ్లి అక్కడ పోస్ట్-గ్రాడ్యుయేషన్ పూర్తి చేశాడు. భారతదేశానికి తిరిగి వచ్చిన తర్వాత, అతను పంజాబ్ విశ్వవిద్యాలయం మరియు ఢిల్లీ స్కూల్ ఆఫ్ ఎకనామిక్స్‌లో లెక్చరర్‌గా పనిచేశాడు. అతను 1958లో గురుశరణ్ కౌర్‌ని వివాహం చేసుకున్నాడు. వారికి ముగ్గురు కుమార్తెలు – ఉపిందర్, డామన్ మరియు అమృత్. 1971లో ఇండియన్ అడ్మినిస్ట్రేటివ్ సర్వీస్‌లో చేరి వాణిజ్యం మరియు పరిశ్రమల మంత్రిత్వ శాఖలో ఆర్థిక సలహాదారుగా నియమితులయ్యారు. దీని తరువాత, అతను భారత ప్రభుత్వంలోని అనేక శాఖలలో ఉన్నత స్థానంలో పనిచేశాడు.

రాజకీయ జీవితం

1991లో పీవీ నరసింహారావు ప్రధాని కాగానే మన్మోహన్‌ సింగ్‌ను ఆర్థిక మంత్రిగా నియమించారు. ఈ సమయంలో భారతదేశం ఆర్థిక సంక్షోభంలో కూరుకుపోయింది. డా. మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ దేశ ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థకు కొత్త దిశను అందించారు, దీని ద్వారా దేశం ఆర్థిక సరళీకరణ యుగంలోకి ప్రవేశించింది. మొదట, అతను లైసెన్స్ రాజ్‌ను రద్దు చేశాడు, దీని కింద పరిశ్రమలు ఏవైనా మార్పులు చేయడానికి ముందు ప్రభుత్వం నుండి అనుమతి పొందాలి. ప్రభుత్వ పరిశ్రమల్లో పెట్టుబడుల ఉపసంహరణ మరియు ప్రైవేటీకరణ ప్రక్రియ ప్రారంభానికి దారితీసిన ఈ దశ ద్వారా ప్రైవేట్ పరిశ్రమలు బాగా లాభపడ్డాయి. భారతదేశంలో బిజెపి ప్రభుత్వం ఉన్నప్పుడు 1998-2004లో రాజ్యసభలో ప్రతిపక్ష నాయకుడిగా ఉన్నారు.

ప్రధానమంత్రి పదవి

2004 లోక్‌సభ ఎన్నికల్లో గెలవనప్పటికీ, మన్మోహన్ సింగ్‌ను భారత ప్రధానిగా UPA చైర్‌పర్సన్ సోనియా గాంధీ ఆమోదించారు. అతని క్లీన్ అండ్ హానెస్ట్ ఇమేజ్ కారణంగా, అతను సాధారణ ప్రజలలో బాగా ప్రాచుర్యం పొందాడు. 2004 మే 22న ఆయన ప్రమాణ స్వీకారం చేశారు. ఆర్థిక మంత్రి పి చిదంబరం మద్దతుతో మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ వ్యాపారం మరియు ఆర్థికాభివృద్ధికి కృషి చేశారు. 2007 సంవత్సరంలో భారతదేశ GDP 9% వద్ద ఉంది మరియు భారతదేశం ప్రపంచంలో రెండవ అతిపెద్ద అభివృద్ధి చెందుతున్న ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థగా అవతరించింది. అతని నాయకత్వంలో, గ్రామీణ పౌరుల సౌకర్యార్థం జాతీయ గ్రామీణ ఆరోగ్య మిషన్ ప్రారంభించబడింది. ఈ పనిని ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా ప్రజలు మెచ్చుకున్నారు. ఆయన హయాంలో విద్యారంగం కూడా చాలా అభివృద్ధి చెందింది. వెనుకబడిన కులాలు మరియు సమాజంలోని ప్రజలకు ఉన్నత విద్యను అందించడానికి ప్రభుత్వం విజయవంతమైన ప్రయత్నాలు చేసింది. అయితే కొన్ని పార్టీలు రిజర్వేషన్ బిల్లును వ్యతిరేకిస్తూ అర్హులైన విద్యార్థులకు న్యాయం చేయాలని డిమాండ్ చేశారు.

 మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ ప్రభుత్వం ఉగ్రవాద నిర్మూలన కోసం అనేక చట్టాలను ఆమోదించింది. 2008 ముంబై ఉగ్రదాడి తర్వాత నేషనల్ ఇన్వెస్టిగేషన్ ఏజెన్సీ (NIA) ఏర్పాటైంది. ఇ-గవర్నెన్స్ మరియు జాతీయ భద్రతను బలోపేతం చేయడానికి 2009లో భారత విశిష్ట గుర్తింపు ప్రాధికార సంస్థ ఏర్పడింది, దీని కింద ప్రజలకు బహుళ ప్రయోజన జాతీయ గుర్తింపు కార్డులు ఇస్తామని ప్రకటించారు. ఈ ప్రభుత్వం వివిధ దేశాలతో దృఢమైన సంబంధాలను ఏర్పరుచుకుంది. పివి నరసింహారావు హయాంలో ప్రారంభించిన ఆచరణాత్మక విదేశాంగ విధానం ప్రస్తుత ప్రాజెక్టులో విజయవంతంగా ఉపయోగించబడింది. చైనాతో సరిహద్దు వివాదాన్ని, కాశ్మీర్‌లో ఉగ్రవాదాన్ని అంతం చేసేందుకు మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ ప్రయత్నించారు. వివాదాస్పద భారత్-అమెరికా అణు ఒప్పందాన్ని ప్రతిపక్షాలు బహిష్కరించినప్పటికీ ప్రభుత్వం ఈ పని చేసింది.

15వ లోక్‌సభ ఎన్నికల ఫలితాలు UPAకి చాలా సానుకూలంగా ఉన్నాయి మరియు 22 మే 2009న మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ మరోసారి భారత ప్రధానిగా ఎన్నికయ్యారు. జవహర్‌లాల్ నెహ్రూ తర్వాత ఐదేళ్ల పదవీకాలం పూర్తయిన తర్వాత మళ్లీ ప్రధానమంత్రిగా ఎన్నికైన ఏకైక ప్రధానమంత్రి మన్మోహన్ సింగ్.

అవార్డులు మరియు గౌరవాలు

1982లో కేంబ్రిడ్జ్‌లోని సెయింట్ జాన్స్ కళాశాల మన్మోహన్ సింగ్‌కు గౌరవ సభ్యత్వం ఇచ్చింది.

ఐదేళ్ల తర్వాత భారత ప్రభుత్వం పద్మవిభూషణ్‌తో సత్కరించింది.

1994లో అతను లండన్ స్కూల్ ఆఫ్ ఎకనామిక్స్ విశిష్ట ఫెలో అవార్డును అందుకున్నాడు.

1999లో, డాక్టర్ మన్మోహన్ సింగ్‌కు న్యూఢిల్లీలోని నేషనల్ ఇన్‌స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ అగ్రికల్చరల్ సైన్సెస్ సభ్యత్వం ఇచ్చింది.

2002లో అన్నాసాహెబ్ చిర్మూలే ట్రస్ట్ ద్వారా అన్నాసాహెబ్ చిర్మూలే అవార్డును అందుకున్నారు. రెండు సంవత్సరాల తరువాత, అతను ఇండియన్ పార్లమెంటరీ పార్టీచే ఉత్తమ పార్లమెంటేరియన్ అవార్డును అందుకున్నాడు.

2010లో, అతను అప్పీల్ ఆఫ్ కాన్సైన్సెస్ ఫౌండేషన్ ద్వారా వరల్డ్ స్టాట్స్‌మన్ ప్రైజ్‌ను అందుకున్నాడు.

జీవిత ఘటనలు

1932: పంజాబ్‌లోని గాహ్‌లో జన్మించారు

1958: గురుశరణ్ కౌర్‌తో వివాహం

1982: రిజర్వ్ బ్యాంక్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా గవర్నర్‌గా నియమితులయ్యారు

1985: భారత ప్రణాళికా సంఘం ఉపాధ్యక్షుడు

1991: పివి నరసింహారావు ప్రభుత్వంలో ఆర్థిక మంత్రిగా నియమితులయ్యారు.

1994: లండన్ స్కూల్ ఆఫ్ ఎకనామిక్స్ యొక్క విశిష్ట ఫెలో అవార్డు

1998: రాజ్యసభలో ప్రతిపక్ష నేతగా నియమితులయ్యారు

1999: నేషనల్ ఇన్‌స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ అగ్రికల్చరల్ సైన్సెస్, న్యూఢిల్లీ ద్వారా సభ్యత్వం మంజూరు చేయబడింది.

2000: అన్నాసాహెబ్ చిర్ములే ట్రస్ట్ ద్వారా అన్నాసాహెబ్ చిర్మూలే అవార్డును ప్రదానం చేసింది

2004: భారత ప్రధానమంత్రి అయ్యారు

2008: ఉగ్రవాదంపై పోరుకు మన్మోహన్ సింగ్ నేషనల్ ఇన్వెస్టిగేషన్ ఏజెన్సీ (NIA)ని ఏర్పాటు చేశారు.

2009: భారతదేశ ప్రధానమంత్రిగా తిరిగి ఎన్నికయ్యారు మరియు జాతీయ భద్రత కోసం, అతను భారత విశిష్ట గుర్తింపు ప్రాధికార సంస్థను ఏర్పాటు చేశాడు.

2010: అతనికి అప్పీల్ ఆఫ్ కాన్సైన్సెస్ ఫౌండేషన్ నుండి వరల్డ్ స్టాట్స్‌మన్ ప్రైజ్ లభించింది.


                                                            (ENGLISH VERSION)

                            Manmohan Singh Biography                              (Former Prime Minister of India)

Manmohan Singh is an eminent Indian economist and politician who served as the prime minister of India for two consecutive terms. He held prominent posts in different organizations and received several honors for his brilliant work even before beginning his political career. He held various posts, such as advisor to the Foreign Trade Ministry, Chief Economic Advisor in the Ministry of Finance, Governor of Reserve Bank of India, and Head of the Planning Commission. As the finance minister under P. V. Narasimha Rao government in the 1990s, he carried out several structural reforms that liberalized India's economy. It also enhanced Singh's reputation as a leading reform-minded economist. In 2004, he was chosen to be the prime minister of India which came across as a surprise as Sonia Gandhi, the head of the UPA, was expected to take up the post. His no-nonsense image and brilliant bureaucratic experience played major roles when he was re-elected as the prime minister in 2009. However, in his second term, he was criticized for fostering too close a relationship with the United States and his party faced allegations of corruption which eventually led to the deterioration of his party’s popularity. Despite the criticism, he is still regarded as one of India’s most important economists and politicians. A great thinker, scholar, and talented economist, he became the first prime minister since Jawaharlal Nehru to be re-elected after completing a full five-year term.

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Birthday: September 26, 1932 (Libra)

Born In: Gah, Punjab, British India (Present-Day Punjab, Pakistan)

Age: 89 Years, 89 Year Old Males

Spouse/Ex-: Gursharan Kaur (1958–Present)

Father: Gurmukh Singh

Mother: Amrit Kaur

Children: Amrit, Daman, Upinder

Born Country: India

Height: 5'9" (175 cm), 5'9" Males

Education: St John's College - Cambridge, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Nuffield College, Panjab University, Hindu College

Awards: 2010 - World Statesman Award

2005 - Top 100 Influential People In The World

2002 - Outstanding Parliamentarian Award

2000 - Annasaheb Chirmule Award

1999 - H.H. Kanchi Sri Paramacharya Award For Excellence

1999 - Fellow Of The National Academy Of Agricultural Sciences

New Delhi

1997 - Lokmanya Tilak Award

1997 - Justice K.S. Hegde Foundation Award

1997 - Nikkei Asia Prize For Regional Growth

1995 - Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Award (1994–95)

1994 - Finance Minister Of The Year

1994 - Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Award (1994–95)

1994 - Elected Distinguished Fellow Of The London School Of Economics

1994 - Elected Honorary Fellow Of The All India Management Association

1993 - Finance Minister Of The Year

1987 - Padma Vibhushan

1986 - Elected National Fellow

National Institute Of Education

1985 - Elected President Of The Indian Economic Association

1956 - Adam Smith Prize

1955 - Wright Prize For Distinguished Performance

Childhood & Early Life :

He was born on September 26, 1932, in Gah, Punjab, British India, to Gurmukh Singh and his wife Amrit Kaur. He lost his mother at a young age and was brought up by his grandmother.

He received his early education from ‘Hindu College,’ Amritsar, where his family settled after the Partition of India.

He was then enrolled at the ‘Panjab University,’ first in Chandigarh and then in Hoshiarpur. He earned his bachelor’s degree in economics in 1952 and master’s degree in 1954.

As a student of ‘St. John’s College,’ he attended the ‘University of Cambridge’ and completed his honors degree in 1957.

In 1962, he earned his D.Phil. in economics from ‘Nuffield College, University of Oxford.’

Career :

From 1966 to 1969, he worked for the ‘United Nations Conference on Trade and Development’ (UNCTAD).

From 1969 to 1971, he worked as a professor of ‘International Trade at the Delhi School of Economics.’

In 1972, he was appointed as the Chief Economic Advisor to the Ministry of Finance. In 1976, he became a Secretary in the Ministry of Finance.

He served as the director of Reserve Bank of India from 1976 to 1980.

From 1980 to 1982, he worked for the Planning Commission of India. He served as the Governor of Reserve Bank of India from 1982 to 1985.

In 1985, he was appointed as the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of India, a post which he held until 1987.

From 1987 to 1990, he worked as the Secretary General of South Commission, an independent economic think-tank based in Geneva, Switzerland.

In 1990, following his return to India, he became the advisor on economic affairs to the prime minister.

In 1991, he became the chairman of the ‘University Grants Commission’ (UGC).

In 1991, Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao appointed him as the Finance Minister of India, a post which he held until 1996.

From 1998 to 2004, he served as the Leader of Opposition in the Upper House when the ‘Bharatiya Janata Party’ (BJP) was in power.

During the 2004 General Elections, ‘Indian National Congress’ party joined hands with the allies, formed the ‘United Progressive Alliance’ (UPA), and defeated BJP. ‘Congress’ leader Sonia Gandhi recommended Singh’s name for the post of prime minister and on May 22, 2004, he became the 13th prime minister of India.

In 2009, UPA was once again successful in forming the government during the 15th Lok Sabha elections and he was re-elected as the prime minister of India on 22 May 2009.

During the 2014 General Elections, ‘Bharatiya Janata Party’ defeated the UPA by a huge margin. As a result, he resigned from his post on May 17, 2014.

Singh remains an active member in politics. He is a prominent critic of the government’s decisions pertaining to the Indian economy. He has also taken up a position at ‘Panjab University’ where he regularly interacts with students and faculty members.

Major Works :

As the finance minister of India, he was successful in implementing economic reforms that aimed at enhancing the productivity and liberalization of the economy. One of the most important measures he took was to free India from ‘Licence Raj’—the root cause of slow economic growth and corruption in the Indian economy.

As the prime minister, he invested his time in various national and global issues, such as economy, health and education, terrorism, and foreign affairs. He worked towards improving the conditions of India’s poor and resolving conflicts with Pakistan. He also worked towards improving relations among various religious groups of India.

During his tenure as the prime minister, ‘National Rural Employment Guarantee Act’ (NREGA) and the ‘Right to Information Act’ were passed by the Parliament in 2005. He also contributed in strengthening anti-terror laws with amendments to UAPA. He also worked towards improving relations with the USA, Japan, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany.

Awards & Achievements :

  • In 1987, he received ‘Padma Vibhushan,’ the second highest civilian award in the Republic of India.
  • In 1993, he was named ‘Finance Minister of the Year’ by ‘Euromoney’ and ‘Asiamoney.’
  • He was awarded honorary professorship by ‘Jawaharlal Nehru University’ in 1976 and then in 1996 by ‘Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi.’
  • He is the recipient of honorary doctorate degrees from several prestigious institutions, such as ‘University of Alberta’ (1997), ‘University of Oxford’ (2005), ‘University of Cambridge’ (2006), and ‘King Saud University’ (2010).
  • In 2005, he was listed among the ‘Top 100 Influential People in the World’ by ‘Time’ magazine.
  • In 2014, he was honored with the ‘Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers’ by the government of Japan.

Personal Life & Legacy :

In 1958, he married Gursharan Kaur. The couple was blessed with three daughters: Upinder, Daman, and Amrit.

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ApTeachers9: (September 26) Manmohan Singh Biography (Former Prime Minister of India)@2022
(September 26) Manmohan Singh Biography (Former Prime Minister of India)@2022
manmohan singh manmohan singh age dr manmohan singh manmohan singh movie manmohan singh health dr manmohan singh news is manmohan singh alive manmohan
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